Deneysel koşulların doğal gaz hidrat oluşumuna etkisi

Global request will increase considerably in the following decades as population of the earth proliferates. US DOE 2016 International Energy Outlook, claims that the universal energy consumption will augment from 549 quadrillion BTU in 2012 to 815 quadrillion BTU in 2040, indicating 48% augmentation. As methane hydrates are able to comprise between 150 and 180 v/v at standard temperature and pressure conditions, they provide both gas storage characteristics and transportation characteristics. Stirring procedure is the best way to ameliorate heat and mass transfer in methane hydration procedure: induction time was shortened, formation rates accelerated and storage capacity was augmented when stirring was applied. 24 experiments were conducted by methane with two different impellers such as pitched blade turbine upward (PBTU) and rushton turbine (RT) with mixed and radial flow respectively. The design of the experiments was different by the use of baffles (full baffle, half baffle, surface baffle) or no. The 24 experiments were divided in 8 single experiments and 16 dual experiments with all possible combinations such as PBTU/PBTU, RT/RT. PBTU/RT and RT/PBTU. Calculations such as rate growth, induction time, process of hydrate formation, hydrate productivity and conversion of water to hydrates are included to our research. Furthermore other 24 experiments were conducted by mixture methane (95%)-propane (5%) with PBTU and RT impellers. The design of experiments was the same like methane with thedifference in pressure , temperature and in the number of single and dual experiments. There were 16 single experiments. 8 experiments with same driving force of methane hydrate formation and 8 experiments with driving force almost double. The 8 dual experiments were conducted with the double driving force compared to methane hydrate formation. Calculations such as rate growth, induction time, process of hydrate formation, hydrate productivity, split fraction and separation fraction are comprised in our research. Finally 6 experiments were conducted with 5 different amino acids and with no amino acid (just water), hence to investigate which of these acids behave as prompters or as inhibitors in mixture (methane 95% - propane 5%) hydrate formation. Calculations such as rate growth, induction time, process of hydrate formation were included together with images during hydrate formation. RT experiments have highest rates of hydrate formation compares to PBTU ones in single and dual impellers in both methane and methane-propane hydrate formation. Their main difference is that in single impellers, the rate of hydrate formation is higher for RT experiments also in first 30 minutes while in dual experiments happens the opposite. The RT experiments although they form more quickly and for less time hydrates (smaller induction time compared to PBTU ones), they have higher power consumption values, hence they consume more energy. RT experiments convert more water and methane to hydrates although these values are very small due to high water quantity. In methane-propane hydrate formation, the split fraction of methane has higher values in single experiments with T=8.5C compared to single experiments with T=2C. Final, all amino acids that are used to form methane-propane hydrates in our system behaved like promoters and none of them as inhibitor.