Investigation of the efficiency increase methods in photovoltaic (PV) panels

Due to the rapid increase of the population in the world and the rapid depletion of energy resources on earth and due to the rapid developments in technology, the negative effects of fossil fuels on human health and the environment necessitate the orientation towards alternative energy sources. At this point, technological systems, which we call photovoltaic panels, are developed in order to increase the usage of solar energy, which is the most important natural energy resource of the world, and efforts are made to make the best use of these systems. Photovoltaic systems consist of solar powered batteries that convert solar energy directly into electrical energy. PV and PV/T systems have been of great importance due to energy savings and environmental concerns. It is anticipated that the developments in these systems will be of great importance for energy saving and a cleaner and more livable environment. This study carries out comprehensive research on the previously tried methods for increasing the efficiency of PV panels in general and compiles and presents the efficiency improvement methods, the methods that have been the focus of attention, and application techniques and their results. Thus, a review study is presented to address the methods of efficiency improvement in PV panels.