İklim değişikliğine karşı dayanıklılık açısından kentsel rekreasyon alanları: Hunter's Point South park örneği, New York

Climate change-induced natural disasters have severely affected cities and their residents. Rapid urbanization has led to crowded and vegetation-deprived urban areas, compounded by the greenhouse effect and inadequate infrastructure. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has highlighted the negative impacts of climate change on the environment and human health for over 40 years. Regrettably, the outcomes fall significantly short of what was anticipated, even to the extent of needing to be improved. Each year, millions of individuals are impacted, either directly or indirectly, by the occurrences resulting from climate change. On the other hand, as impacted by the detrimental side effects of climate change, a concept arises: resilience. Resilience is the ability to withstand and rebound from disruptions, which is crucial in urban design to address climate-related disasters. Climate-resilient urban development emphasizes local governance, community involvement, and the integration of physical, social, and economic considerations. This thesis study focuses on cities' resilience, explicitly looking at Hunter's Point South Park design case in Long Island City, New York. The study aims to examine the resilient design of the park created during Hurricane Sandy. Design assessments and research studies are conducted to comprehend better and improve resilience. This thesis explores potential actions within each category. The assessment section, therefore, focuses on creating a resilience evaluation for urban studies and aiding researchers. Several tools from organizations such as the Resilience Alliance, Rockefeller Foundation, Arup, and UN-Habitat are used in evaluation processes. In order to gain insights into resilience strategies, one can use assessment questions covering essential aspects such as resource use, funding, environmental impacts, spatial changes, organization, and stakeholder involvement. The study is aiming to develop an updated resilience toolkit for the designated area and beyond by integrating assessment tools. This process includes the creation of a comprehensive questionnaire that incorporates key elements from the Resilience Assessment Workbook and the Guide to the City Resilience Profiling Tool. The ultimate aim is to develop an updated assessment toolkit tailored to the specific area of focus, which can be expanded in scope and applied to diverse areas within the field of resilience studies. As highlighted by the assessment studies, creating a sustainable project necessitates incorporating multiple systems from beginning to end. It is critical to engage community members, local authorities, and the natural environment and view their input as essential development components. In conclusion, the involvement of stakeholders is crucial to achieving project resilience, as each stakeholder has a significant role to play. A systems thinking approach, which involves considering various factors and connections, is encouraged. Choosing durable, low-maintenance, and adaptable materials is essential to ensure sustainability. Selecting plant species and greenery that require minimal upkeep is also vital for enhancing the project. By implementing these strategies, the project's objective should be to achieve long-term sustainability, efficiency, and resilience. More field studies and research are needed to address climate change resilience further and guide development decisions.