Evaluation of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in acromegaly patients

Introduction and Aim: Acromegaly, first described in 1886, is a rare disease resulting from the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). Despite its rarity, the disease can lead to high mortality if left untreated, affecting multiple systems. Our study was designed to investigate the utility of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) in monitoring acromegaly patients, given the systemic inflammation caused by reasons not yet elucidated by GH and IGF-1. Materials and Methods: Data from 94 acromegaly patients who visited the Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases outpatient clinic at Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between June 2019 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The recorded data included the duration of acromegaly, the latest measured GH and IGF-1 values, complete blood count results, pituitary hormones, and acromegaly treatments. Additionally, the SII values of the acromegaly patients were compared with a control group consisting of 94 healthy individuals who had no additional diseases or medication usage. Results: The relationship between IGF-1 and GH levels and SII was examined. No significant differences were observed in the comparison of SII with patients having high IGF-1 and GH levels (p=0.962 and p=0.98, respectively). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in SII values when evaluated between the patient group and the control group (p=0.488). Conclusion: Acromegaly is considered to have a pathophysiology associated with inflammation and can lead to various complications. In our study investigating the feasibility of using SII as a more accessible and cost-effective method in patient monitoring, no statistically significant results were obtained between IGF-1/GH and SII. Keywords: acromegaly, inflammation, systemic immune-inflammation index