Batı Raman petrol sahası madenciliğinde kullanılan yeraltı açıklıklarının duraylılık ve yenilme analizi

Batı Raman holds the Turkey's proven largest oil reserve (1.85 billion barrels). The reserve is located at an average depth of 1450 m within a fractured limestone. This heavy oil has a 12° API gravity and a viscosity of 200-2000 cp. A future plan for this reserve is to use a "mining assisted heavy oil production" method. The idea behind this method is to reach the reserve by a decline from the surface and continue opening up galleries beneath the reserve from which fan shape up holes will be drilled in the reserve. Steam will be injected from these up holes to decrease the viscosity of heavy oil and production will be done by gravity drainage. In this thesis, stability of all the openings based on the scenario above is carried out using a numerical modelling code, FLAC. In the first stage, tunnel openings were first investigated based on analytical solutions, then 2D and 3D analyzes were carried out. It has been shown that the 20m wall-to-wall pillar, which is planned to be left between the tunnels, will remain stable. Then, the effects of boreholes to be used in oil production in the reservoir were modelled, and it was determined that the extends of the failure zones occurred along the tunnel and in the regions where the boreholes were opened. It was compared with a physical model test made with the found failure zones, and it was concluded that 2.23% of the heavy oil production determined in the experiment was due to borehole openings. A parametric study was conducted by analyzing a total of 15 models by following the ratio found, and Excavation Induced Damage Production Ratio (EIDPR) was defined. As a result of the parametric study, a regression model was created, and the model's equation was shared. Keywords: Heavy Oil, Deep Tunnels, TBM, Stability, Batı Raman, MAHOP