Investigation of anticancer derivatives of some fluorene thiazole derivatives

Cancer arises from abnormalities within cellular molecular processes. For this reason, cells have been studied at the molecular level in cancer research for many years. For example, proteins involved in signaling pathways, apoptosis, and the cell cycle and their roles have been elucidated by studying the mechanisms by which cells function uncontrollably. Globally, lung cancer is the most common cancer in men and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. It is the third most common cancer after breast and colorectal cancer. In women, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths (after breast cancer). Anticancer, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihypertensive, antimalarial, antipsychotic, diuretic, antifungal, hypnotic, neuroprotective, and antioxidant properties have been previously demonstrated for thiazole-containing compounds. The five-membered heterocyclic organic molecule 1,3-thiazole consists of one nitrogen, one sulfur, and three carbon atoms. Thiazoles have been shown to have antiviral and anticancer properties. They are derived from both marine and microbiological sources. Besides being known as an estrogen receptor ligand, thiazole is also considered a special adenosine receptor antagonist. In this thesis, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects and gene expressions of fluorene thiazole derivative compounds synthesized for the first time on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro to be able to treat cancer without damaging healthy cells or with minimal damage.