Evaluating the effect of local and systemic medical ozone therapy on healing in the biphosphonate-related jaw osteonecrosis induced rat model

Objective: This study aimed to histopathologically and immunohistochemically investigate the effects of systemic and local medical ozone administration on extraction socket's healing in rats experimentally administered bisphosphonates and applied tooth extraction. Material and Method: 32 Wistar-Albino rats were used in the study. Subjects were divided into 4 main groups of 8 rats: Control, Bisphosphonate, Bisphosphonate + Local Ozone, Bisphosphonate + Systemic Ozone. All groups but the control group were administered (0.4 mg / kg) zoledronic acid intraperitoneally once a week from the beginning of the experiment. On the 28th day of the experiment, lower left first molars of all the rats were extracted. Local (20 μg/ml, 0.5 ml) and systemic ozone (0.7 mg / kg) administration was started shortly after tooth extraction. All subjects were sacrificed on the 56th day of the experiment. The left mandibles of the subjects were removed and subjected to histopathological examination. The obtained data were evaluated statistically. Results: According to the findings obtained in our study, epithelialization value of BIF + SO group was found to be significantly higher than epithelization value of BIF group (p <0.001). It is noteworthy that the highest epithelialization rate was found in the BIF + SO group. Connective tissue formation values in BIF + SO and C groups were statistically higher than BIF group (p = 0.009). The necrosis values of the C and BIF-SO group were significantly lower than the BIF group (p = 0.011 p = 0.011). The absence of necrosis in the BIF + SO group is another remarkable finding. In immunohistochemical examination, osteocalcin levels were significantly higher in C group than BIF and BIF + LO group, BIF + LO and BIF + SO group were found to be more than BIF group. BIF + SO group were significantly higher than BIF + LO group. Osteopontin levels were significantly higher in C and BIF + SO group than BIF group (p <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the histopathological, immunohistochemical and statistical findings obtained in our study, ozone administration had positive effects on healing in all groups. It was thought that the positive effect of ozone administration on bone healing was associated with the increase in extracellular matrix proteins. This suggests that medical ozone will provide an advantage in clinical applications.