Evaluation of the environmental impacts of a fabric dyeing mill with life cycle assessment

Nowadays, consumption is increasing day by day and natural resources are rapidly decreasing. Environmental pollution has become a big problem with the increase in industrialization. Textile industry stands out as an industry that the most intensive use of resources and high environmental pollutant load. There are many different methods to calculate and evaluate environmental pollution and to prevent it. Life Cycle Assessment Analysis stands out as a method that allows a product to be examined in terms of various impact categories by considering the entire process from raw material acquisition to post-use waste management processes. In this thesis, the environmental impacts of a knitted fabric dyeing plant were calculated using the door-to-door approach and the Life Cycle Assessment Analysis (LCA) method. The 8.2.3.0 version of the SimaPro software program was used while performing the calculations and analyzes. The pollution originating from the facility has been evaluated by LCA. In addition, reducing the use of dyestuff, salt and chemicals by 25% and renewing all machinery equipment with new technology were determined as alternative scenarios to the current situation and these scenarios were compared with LCA.Calculations were made on 18 different impact categories by LCA. It was determined that the facility contributed 701.3 kg CO2 equivalent as the Global warming effect category, and 2.9 kg Phosphorus equivalent pollution in terms of fresh water eutrophication has been revealed. Looking at the results of the comparison of the scenarios, it was concluded that 3 different scenarios gave better environmental results in different impact categories. While the scenario in which machinery and equipment is renewed with the latest technology in impact categories such as freshwater eutrophication, marine eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity and marine ecotoxicity stands out as more environmentally friendly, it has been concluded that the scenario in which the use of dyestuff, salt and chemical is reduced does not bring an environmental improvement compared to the current operating conditions.