Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) kaynaklı ekzozomların yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkisi

Wound healing is the main physiological process which undergoes homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, migration and tissue remodeling. Acute injuries usually heal in a short period of time but chronic illnesses associated with infection and prolonged inflammation, may resulted with the life-threatening infections, limb amputations that presents a serious challenge for the current technology. Although wound healing has been studied for decades, improved drugs are not still effective enough due to their high cost, low efficiency, having patient specific response, requiring wound care facilities and severe side effects. In this sense, developing new, safe, self-applicable, effective and cheap wound care products is still an attractive area of international research. Cell to cell communication is compulsory in order to sustain tissue homeostasis but most communication mechanisms between cells requires a coordination of the receptors and the signaling molecules. Recently, nano vesicle mediated cell communication become prominence because of the ability to shuttle different molecules from producing cells to the target cells via extracellular vesicles called exosomes. Previous studies reported that, exosomes released from plants such as grape, grapefruit, ginger and carrot have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Although the underlying mechanisms of wound healing process of plant exosomes are still unknown. For this reason, in this study, for the first time, rate limiting factors of wound regeneration such as cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, gene and growth factor expression cell migration and proliferation was stimulated by using wheat derived exosomes by using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. According to the results, wheat exosomes increased cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, have anti-inflammatory effect, increased essential growth factor, and gene expression levels of HDF, HUVEC and HACAT cells in vitro. Moreover, wheat exosome-containing hydrogel formulations improved wound healing and histopathological rates in vivo. All in all, this research indicates a brand-new scope for wound healing therapeutics using wheat derived exosomes for the first time.