Investigation of aerobic exercise capacity, resting metabolic rate, and respiratory functions and body composition in people having different BMI

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by a positive balance of energy obtained from the food and an increase in body fat. It is an important risk factor for a lot of sicknesses including cardiovascular diseases in particular.The aim of this study is to make a comparative analysis of aerobic exercise capacity, resting metablic rate (RMR), respiratory functions, body mass index (BMI), lean body mass as well as body fat and water percentage, thereby investigating the associations among these parameters in obese and normal weighted adult people.We enrolled a total of 60 obese participants (30 women, 30 men) whose the BMI is 30 kg/m and over and 60 control subjects (30 women, 30 men) with BMI of 18-25 kg/m for this study. Body composition was determined using the bioelectrical impedans analysing system. RMR was measured with indirect calorimeter equipment. Aerobic exercise capacity was determined by following Astarand submaximal exercise protocol. Pulmonary function tests were carried out by portable spirometer. Statistical analyses were done by SPSS 16.0 computer program using t-test and Pearson correlation tests.In both genders, we found higher body fat %, the total body fat, total water amount, net body weight and RMR in obese subjects than the control ones; while body water %, VO2max (ml/kg/min) and VO2max (ml/lean kg/min) was found lower. Only forced expiratory volüme in 1 second (FEV1) among the pulmonary function tests was higher in male obese group than in controls. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 were higher in female obese group than in controls.In both men and women, the parameters of BMI, body fat %, total body fat, total water amount showed a positive correlation with RMR, and a negative corelations with VO2max (ml/kg/dk).VO2max (ml/kg/min) value showed positive correlations with FEV1 in males, and with FVC and FEV1 in females. FEV1 value showed neagtive corelations with BMI and body fat % in both sexes.In conclusion, these results suggest that RMR might be affected by body fat besides the lean body weight. Also, physical fitness has been seen lower and some respiratory functions diminished in obese subjects in comparison to the normal control ones.