Gıresun Mavi Göl'den aktınomıset izolasyonu, tanımlanması ve biyoaktif sekonder metabolitlerin tespiti

Actinomycetes are filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria that considered one of the most important producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. Over the last decades, they have been the source of the majority of clinically used antibiotics. Beside antibacterial compounds, Actinomycetes are also known for being a source of antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer agents. The search for novel therapeutic compounds from natural sources is one of the most important weapons in the ongoing battle against multidrug-resistant pathogens, fatal viral infections, and the global burden of cancer. Thus, it is always important to look for new resources of Actinomycetes in new, undiscovered habitats and scan them for potential new bioactive compounds. In this study, we aim to find valuable Actinomycete secondary metabolites, and in line with this aim, 17 Actinomycete isolates were collected from the soil, water, and mud of Blue Lake and Goksu Travertines, Girusun, Turkiye, and evaluated for their bioactive potential. Morphological and biochemical analysis confirmed the typical Actinomycete traits, including catalase activity, starch hydrolysis, and casein degradation. Molecular analysis showed that 13 strains belong to Streptomyces species, while the others belong to rare Actinomycetes, which support the dominance of Streptomyces in this class. Whole (liquid) extracts of all isolates were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities, while crude (dry) extracts of selected isolated were screened for antiviral and anticancer properties. The antibacterial assays revealed wide range of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Also antifungal activity was registered against C. albicans. Crude extracts demonstrated a very high in-vitro inhibition of HIV-1 RT, and considerable cytotoxicity in anticancer MTT assays.