Propagation models of radio waves for forest environment at GSM 900/GSM 1800/CDMA 2100

Mobile communication is widespread all over the world, recently. So, planning and optimization of mobile networks are important for coverage and quality. Planning tools which have been using propagation path loss model is generally based on building areas. Radio propagation through forest environment, effects of trees and weather conditions on radio propagation are important as well as other environment. A special setup designed for GSM operators for field tests have been used. It is simulating base station transmitter units including certain frequency and certain modulation techniques in mobile communication. In this study, we investigated a propagation model on forested area to use the transmitter which produces electromagnetic waves at chosen frequency (GSM 900, GSM 1800 and CDMA 2100) and modulation (GSM-CDMA). The transmitter works like cellular base station. Transmitter part includes test transmitter (Andrew), bi-directional antenna and feeder for connection and receiver part includes simple mobile phone with Nemo Handy software. Experiments are performed in three different frequency; GSM 900, GSM 1800 and CDMA 2100 which are more common in the world. The data collected and logged with GPS (Global Positioning System) coordinates by the help of Nemo Handy. These raw data imported and analyzed with Actix software. The measurements have been used to mathematical calculations of empirical propagation model.