Evaluation of the amount of apical debris extrusion of new file systems used in root canal treatment

Purpose: The aim of this in-vitro study is to evaluate the effect of One Reci, Revo-s Plus, Protaper Gold, and Protaper Ultimate canal instruments on apical extrusion of debris during root canal shaping. Method: Eighty mandibular first molars with mesial roots having curvature degrees of 20-45° according to the Schneider method were utilized in our study. Four experimental groups (n=20) were created using One Reci, Revo-s Plus, Protaper Gold, and Protaper Ultimate instruments. Eppendorf tubes were employed in the experimental setup to collect extruded debris. Before the procedure, the empty weight of eppendorf tubes was measured on a precision balance. Distilled water irrigation was performed using a serum infusion set. After the experiment, the eppendorf tubes were placed in an incubator at 37°C for 14 days to measure the net weight. Post-procedure, the eppendorf tubes were re-weighed on a precision balance. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the differences in debris extrusion amounts among the instruments used on the teeth. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered throughout the study. Results: There was no significant difference observed in mean apical extrusion amounts among the groups (p>0.05). Although not statistically significant, it can be noted that groups using PG and PTUltimate instruments exhibited lower debris extrusion amounts compared to the other instruments. Conclusion: All instrument systems used in the study resulted in apical debris extrusion.