Koloidal kuantum kuyularının sentezi ve karakterizasyonu: Basit boyutları ayarlanabilir çekirdekliden karmaşık çoklu taçlı yapılara

As a new class of semiconductor nanocrystals, colloidal quantum wells (CQWs), also commonly known as nanoplatelets (NPLs), exhibit remarkable electronic and optical properties that will potentially find a wide range of use from nanophotonics to optoelectronics. NPLs feature step-like absorption profiles and discrete emission spectra with giant oscillator strength resulting in high recombination rates. All these features make these atomically-flat structures highly attractive for light-harvesting and -generating applications. In this thesis, to understand the size-tuned properties of their two-dimensional architecture, we conducted a systematic study on the core-only NPLs by using a set of 4 monolayer (ML) CdSe cores as our working model and carefully altered their aspect ratio while keeping their lateral area constant. In such a core-only NPL structure, electron and hole are both confined in the core resulting in type-I electronic band alignment. By decreasing the width of these NPLs to a value comparable to or less than their exciton Bohr radius, we observe additional confinement effects emerge. Subsequently, by growing CdSe1−xT ex alloyed crown around these starting 4 ML CdSe cores, we find type-II electronic band alignment is obtained. Thanks to their spatially indirect excitons, these core crown NPLs show extraordinarily long radiative lifetimes. Moreover, with the increased absorption cross-section owing to their added crown, high-performance optical gain is achieved via their core/crown heterostructure. However, in this form, their usage is limited since they are unstable in solution forming gels and they exhibit strong tendency to form stacks in films. To address this problem, here we proposed and developed a multi-crown architecture by additionally growing a CdS crown around the periphery of the typeII heterostructure, enabling excellent optical gain media with enhanced stability. The structural and optical characterizations of the synthesized multi-crown NPLs indicate that this complex architecture holds great promise for making devices in colloidal nanophotonics and optoelectronics.