Assessment of the impact of globalization on localization from the point of view of municipalities

Globalization is a chaotic concept that has various meanings. Accordingly, it doesn't have an unequivocal definition. It can nevertheless be defined in general terms as the multidimensional cluster of the societal processes that generate, reproduce and popularize exchanges and interdependencies on a global scale. While globalization manifests itself in every aspect of life in social, cultural, economic, tecnological dimensions, it also affects the paradigm shift, in the public administrations of the country more and more. This situation also expresses an evolution and transformation from traditionality to new public administration in public administration with the 1980s, and it is still an ongoing process. The main and decisive feature of the new public administration, which emerged with globalization and is also read as the evolution of liberalism into neoliberalism; minimizing the state and transferring its initiative in the economic field to the private sector, and sharing its power in the political field with local actors. In other words, with the evolution from liberalism brought by globalization to neoliberalism, it has transferred its economic power to the private sector in terms of state or public administration, and its political power to local actors, local government and non-governmental organizations, although not all. This change in the context of globalization is also considered as localization in terms of public administration. Although localization may seem like a contradiction when it is associated with globalization, it can actually be read as the promotion of the lowest set of local units of public administration from indirect to direct loyalty to the top of the globe. However, it cannot be said that this change and transformation experienced on a world scale has occurred in the same and similar way for the public administrations of all countries. As a matter of fact, based on the year 1980, globalization and the experiences related to this process continue systematically in terms of developed industrial countries, while many other countries lead to different purposes and practices in terms of public administrations. In this context, the effects of globalization on Turkish public administration and municipalities within the scope of localization were discussed, as well as its effects on development and public administrations in the world in general. According to the findings of this thesis based on literature review; With the effect of globalization, while decentralization took place in Western European countries to a significant extent simultaneously with all aspects, economic decentralization was achieved in Turkey with the privatizations that started after 1980.