In vitro determination of the effect of extract of Papaver somniferum on intestinal contractility

In vitro determination of the effect of extract of Papaver somniferum on intestinal contractility In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different solvent extracts of papaver somniferum (poppy) fresh leaves on the content of phenolic substances and small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) contractions. For this purpose, poppy seeds grown for human consumption were taken out of soil with their roots and their eatable parts were dried and extracted in four different solvents (ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and water). They were then lyophilized and Folin-Ciocalteu reactivity (FCR) was used for amount of phenolic substance whereas LC-MS was used for the assessment of phenolic substances. Small intestines of 10 Sprague Dawley rats were used for contraction experiments. The tissue parts obtained from the mid region of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were carefully cleaned from the surrounding mesentery and fat to obtain a strip-like tissue piece of 0.1--0.3 cm x 0.6 cm size. The preparations were assessed in isolated organ bath in a 20 ml Krebs solution that was constantly aerated with 95% O2 - 5% CO2 gas mixture at 37 oC temperature. Once the tissues were stabilized in the organ bath, the effects of extracts at 0.001 - 3 mg/mL concentrations were assessed. As a result of research, it was observed that the amount and content of phenolic substance in Papaver somniferum changed depending on the type of the solvent and that, while the maximum amount of phenolic substance was available in ethanol extract the minimum amount was available in the water extract. In addition, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts were found to include Trans-P-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, myricetin and quercetin the most, respectively. While ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Papaver somniferum were found to have no effect on small intestine contractions, water extract was observed to have a contracting effect on the duodenum, jejunum and ilium tissues depending on dosage. Papaver somniferum extract had the highest effect on maximal contraction at a level of 1 mg/ml. While atropine incubation did not prevent the contraction, verapamil significantly reduced it. As a result, it has been found that, papaver somniferum, freshly consumed in our country, has a dose-dependent contracting effect on the small intestines. It was concluded that, it did not show this effect through muscarinic receptors but through the potential calcium channels.