Performance Evaluation of AODV and DSR Routing Protocols with PCM and GSM Voice Encoding Schemes

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is one of the narrowest and most specific of research topics in the field of telecommunications. The growth of this type of network, and the large number of applications with mobility requirements, has led to a wider study and research in the analysis and enhancement of the work in this area. In such networks, nodes are communicating with each other without the need of a centralized administration (This type of network does not contain any type of server or base station). In this topology, the communication between the nodes is done by pair to pair within the coverage area. The routing is managed and organized by a number of routing protocols. A limited coverage area, collision and power consumption for mobile nodes are the main problems occurring in such networks. In this thesis, two important MANET routing protocols were used, AODV and DSR to analyze their behavior with two different voice encoding schemes, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Global System Mobile (GSM). The PCM and the GSM encoding voice schemes are evaluated with a different number of clients using a Random Way Point Mobility (RWPM) model. OPNET simulator version 17.1 was used to build the modeler and to simulate the ad hoc mobile network model. The benefit of this simulation program is the ability to build models for different network topologies and the large number of available choices for node performance statistics. In addition to that, results are more confident and accurate compared to other simulation programs found in the literature. From the analysis of the simulations, it was concluded that, in all cases, the AODV protocol performed better than the DSR protocol. This is because AODV doesn’t save the entire possible path from source to the destination node. It takes the newest and most refreshable one. On the other hand, DSR caches all possible paths to the destination. It is also shown that PCM performance is better and more quality than GSM in most of the performance metrics except end -to- end delay, for both AODV and DSR routing protocols. Keywords: OPNET simulator, Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Network, AODV, DSR, PCM, GSM.