Preparation and characterization of polyvinylidene fluoride/polypyrrole (PVDF/PPy) composite and investigation of its use as a glucose sensor

Rapid and reliable detection of blood glucose levels remains a major challenge for clinical and biological samples. Moreover, glucose determination is extremely necessary in various fields such as the food industry, analytical field and biotechnology. Compared to traditional methods used for glucose determination, electrochemical glucose sensors have advantages such as high sensitivity and speed, good selectivity, low cost, reliable and accurate detection on site. It is considered important to develop the determination of glucose with sensor systems that are simple, fast, reliable, economical and have commercialization potential. Within the scope of this study, a nanocomposite-based sensor prepared with polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers (PVDF) and polypyrrole (PPy) was developed for the first time for glucose determination. The prepared sensor system is economical, easy to prepare and responds quickly. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements gave results supporting the formation of the composite structure. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curve of PVDF nanofiber exhibited a relatively similar structure to its powder. In the composite structure, the appearance of the curve is similar to the PVDF nanofiber and powder, but as the amount of PPy increases, the structure begins to decompose at higher temperatures. The working pH of the prepared sensor was determined as 7. When the DPV graphs obtained by working at different glucose concentrations using a new electrode each time are taken one on top of the other, the current values obtained at 0.145 V in the DPV curves decreased as the glucose concentration increased. The maximum value of the linear working range of the PVDF/PPy electrode was found to be 1.25 mM. The linear operating range is between (0.039-1.25) mM. The calculated detection limit is 54 µM.