Pregnenolonun penicillium olsonii ile biyotransformasyonu

Natural products that are not directly involved in the growth and development of living organisms often provide better living conditions for the organisms in which they are found. These compounds are particularly highly regarded because of their effects on other living organisms. Although natural products have many different structures, they are generally grouped as terpenes, alkaloids, steroids, phenolic compounds, specialized carbohydrates, specialized peptides, polyketides, fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives due to some common structural characters in their biosynthesis. Steroids are one of the most important groups of natural products. Cholesterol is a very important steroid that regulates the fluidity of membranes in animals and humans. Cholesterol is the starting material for some important compounds such as steroid hormones, bile acids and vitamin D3. Steroid hormones are classified into 5 groups: progestagens (progestins), estrogens, androgens, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Cholesterol is converted into progesterone, which is the starting material for other steroid hormones, over pregnenolone by shortening its side chain through several reactions. Pregnenolone is a important steroid, which is the starting material for progesterone. Biotransformations are the chemical changes that occur on xenobiotics by biological systems such as microorganisms, microorganism spores, microsomes and cell, tissue and organ cultures containing enzymes or enzymes. Microbial biotransformations with microorganisms are mostly applied with microorganism groups such as molds, microbial algae, yeasts and bacteria. Today, the production of many important chemicals, such as hormones and drugs, is usually carried out by microbial biotransformations instead of classical synthesis methods. In this work, biotransformation of pregnenolone was carried out with Penicillium olsonii MRC 500780. The medium for Penicillium olsonii MRC 500780 was distributed in flasks and sterilized in autoclave. After the mold was inoculated into these flasks under sterile conditions, the flasks were left to incubation for 3 days. Then pregnenolone was added under sterile conditions and incubated for another 5 days. After incubation, steroids in the filtered medium were extracted with ethyl acetate. The steroids in the residue obtained by evaporation of the extracts were separated by column chromatography. Incubation of the substrate with Penicillium olsonii MRC 500780 afforded progesterone and 15α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. The structure determinations of the metabolites were carried out by comparing the melting points, NMR and IR spectra of the substrate with those of metabolites and the subsrate.