Effects of fumitory (Fumaria officinalis) on growth perfromance, blood parameters, immune system and antioxidant enzymes of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss)

In the present study, growth performance, immune responses, haematology and antioxidant activities of fumitory (Fumaria officinalis) leaves aqueous methanolic extract in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) were determined. With this purpose, four different concentration of aqueous methanolic extract of the plant such as 0 % (Control), 0.1% (FO1), 0.2% (FO2) and 0.3% (FO3) were prepared and added to the feed by spraying. Fish were fed with the diet for 75 days and every 15th day of the study, blood and tissue samples (liver and white muscle) were taken from each experimental groups replicates. Immunological responses were determined using blood and serum samples via determination of oxidative radical realising (ORR), lysozyme activity (LYS), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and haematology. In order to determine the antioxidant activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glucose-6-fosfat-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity were designated from liver and lipid peroxidation (LP) was designated using white muscle. At the end of the study, growth performance was also determined. The result of the study showed that a considerable weight gain and specific growth rate were determined in FO3 group compare to other experimental groups and control (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio was also decreased in FO3 groups compared to all other groups, but this decrease was not significant. ORR was significantly decreased on 60th day of the study in all experimental groups compared to control (P<0.05). LYS activity was increased only 60th day of the study in FO1 group compared to other groups (P<0.05). MPO activity was increased on 15th day of the study in FO1 and FO3 groups compared to that of control (P<0.05). No differences were observed on 45th, 60th and 75th day of the study (P>0.05). Haematological responses showed a general decrease in experimental groups compared to control in terms of RBC, HGB and HCT. SOD activity showed no differences in any experimental time in any experimental groups compared with control (P>0.05). CAT was increased on 30th and 60th day of the study in FO2 group compared to other groups (P<0.05). However, significant decreased was observed at the end of the study in all experimental groups compared to control. GPX activity was elevated in all experimental group compared to control at the end of the study and the highest GPX activity was determined on FO3 group. Similar result was also observed on G6PDH activity. At the end of the study an elevated G6PDH activity was designated on FO3 and FO2 groups (P<0.05). LP was determined insignificant in all experimental groups. The result of the showed that using long term usage of fumitory (Fumaria officinalis) leaves aqueous methanolic extract could increase growth performance. It can also deduced from the results that fumitory (Fumaria officinalis) leaves aqueous methanolic extract has growth promoter effect. It is also demonstrated that an antioxidant activity in rainbow trout after long term usage of the plant.