Resource efficiency and cleaner production in the ceramic industry

In this thesis, investigates the applicability of methods for re-evaluating and improving current production processes to achieve environmental sustainability goals in the ceramic sector. The study addresses the sector's core environmental challenges, such as energy consumption, water management, waste generation, and greenhouse gas emissions, in detail. The methodology relies on data obtained from factories focusing on ceramic production processes and specific analyses. In the methods section, raw material and energy consumption in the production processes were analyzed. Mass and energy balances were calculated, and their environmental effects were assessed. The study also evaluated the efficiency of resource use in the production processes, with a focus on improving resource sustainability. The findings emphasize the significance of water and energy-saving techniques, including closed-loop systems. The optimization of production processes, the use of advanced chemical treatment and membrane filtration technologies, and the integration of waste heat recovery systems have proven effective in minimizing environmental impact. These technologies contributed to reducing carbon emissions from production processes. The analysis also highlights the recycling of raw and fired ceramic waste, with industrial symbiosis projects incorporating materials like glass, metal slag, and fly ash, which support circular economic practices. These processes can reduce both natural resource consumption and waste generation to manageable levels. In conclusion, the methodological approach provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating the environmental sustainability of production processes in the ceramic industry. The results and calculations offer a valuable foundation for solving existing challenges and generating sustainable solutions for the sector. The analyses presented support innovative applications that enhance resource efficiency while minimizing environmental effects. As such, this study is expected to make significant contributions to both the sector and the academic literature.