Developi̇ng geographi̇c data model to create landsli̇de maps and its use in di̇saster management

Turkey is one of those countries where natural disasters occur often and cause many casualties due to topographic and climatic features. According to the statistical data, natural disasters generate economic loss amounting to 5-7% of Turkey's annual GDP. Landslides make 15% of natural disaster in our country. In order to decrease casualties and huge economic losses and to form more planned living spaces, it is vital to research landslides and take necessary precautions in light of the acquired data. There is a growing need to reduce the risk of natural disasters that threaten human life and related surroundings and to determine and map natural disaster hazard zones on national scale including rural and urban areas. In this context, one of the most important steps in disaster management is the creation of accurate, up-to-date, and dynamic natural disaster maps and presenting them as a support to planning studies. Due to the fact that each institution produces its own data, the data is not standard, and as a result of the problems in data sharing between institutions and the complexity of legislation, the creation of disaster hazard maps are difficult. Therefore, it is a priority to develop the geographic data model (GDM) on national scale to create landslide hazard maps and use them in planning studies. With the development of geographic data model, fundamental processes such as database design, data standards, accurate and fast data collection, creation of hazard maps for natural disaster hazard maps and presenting them to users will be fulfilled. In this project, Geographic Data Model had been developed on national scale for landslide hazard maps, using techniques of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Data standards had been determined to create this model and enable it for every user. Data required for landslide disasters had been integrated with GDM and susceptibility maps had been created by the technique of Analytical hierarchy process. With the susceptibility maps and statistical analysis hazard and risk maps had been created. The legislation structure had been investigated for the effective use of these hazard maps in planning process. This model had been applied to Rize provinces where some of the required data is already present as landslide hazard map studies were conducted before.