Development of an energy management model for renewable energy-based mi̇crogri̇ds

Increasing living comfort and urbanization due to advances in industry and technology increase energy consumption. Currently, most of the electrical energy is generated from fossil fuels. However, due to the limited resources of fossil fuels and their negative effects on the environment and human health, countries have been seeking alternative sources. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) can be a good alternative to fossil fuels, as they are clean and virtually unlimited. Nevertheless, due to the intermittent and unpredictable nature of RESs, microgrids (MGs), where multiple RESs are combined, are a more suitable solution. In this thesis, MG systems for different purposes are designed and their performances are analyzed using HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) software. In the first application, a hybrid microgrid consisting of photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbine (WT), diesel generator (DG), and battery storage system (BSS) was designed to supply the same load in Çanakkale, Diyarbakır and Rize provinces, which differ in terms of wind speed and solar radiation. Due to its high wind potential, the microgrid designed for Çanakkale achieved the lowest Net Present Cost (NPC) and Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) values. The share of RES in the total energy production was 94.8%. In the second application, a system consisting of PV panels, WT, a biogas generator (BGG), fuel cells (FC), a boiler, and hydrogen tanks (HT) was analyzed to meet the energy needs of rural households engaged in livestock farming. Animal waste was used to produce green hydrogen, which was then utilized for electricity generation and the resulting heat was used to meet the thermal needs of the household. In the third application, unlike the second application, the system was designed to meet the electricity and heat demands of a community instead of a single household. In addition to other sources, Archimedes screw turbine (AST) was used in the designed MG for Doğanevler village in Bingöl province. In the fourth application, a hybrid MG system was optimized using a combination of HOMER software and MATLAB link (ML). The results obtained with the ML strategy were compared with HOMER's cycle charging (CC) and load following (LF) optimization results and its superiority is demonstrated.The results obtained from all these applications highlight the advantages of MG systems in ensuring energy supply security, reducing environmental impacts, and enhancing cost efficiency.