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Rusya Federasyonu'nun kamu diplomasisi ve tarihi mirası
This thesis analyzes the Russian public diplomacy within both historical and contemporary contexts. To this end, discussion on public diplomacy concept, the history of the Russian public diplomacy and a comparative analysis on the public diplomacy conducted by the Russian Federation with regards to the Ukrainian Crisis and Syrian Civil War will be presented. This thesis seeks to find out the main goal/theme of the public diplomacy conducted by the Russian Federation, the impact of the historical legacy of the Russian polity and the continuities therein. Within the framework of this thesis, it is argued that historically the main theme of public diplomacy conducted by the Russian polity is to mitigate the negative repercussions of its aggressive/expansionist policies. Impact of this historical legacy is also visible in the contemporary Russian public diplomacy. The comparative analysis conducted on the two recent cases showed that the main objective of public diplomacy implemented by the Russian Federation is to provide a justification for the re-emerging Russian assertiveness in the international arena.
Göçebelik ve yerleşiklik arasındaki çatışmanın Kazak kimliğinin dönüşümüne etkisini tekrar yorumlama
The aim of this thesis is to examine the effect of historical contradiction between nomadism and sedentarism on the transformation of the nomadic Kazakh identity by using the theoretical approaches of Ibn Khaldun and Anatoly M. Khazanov. From the 18th century to the first half of the 20th century, the relation of the Kazakh society with Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union was one of the most clear examples of this historical conflict. The Kazakhs, who had a pastoral nomadic lifestyle during these periods, were faced with the policies formulated by these two states against their social, political and economic orders. As a result, they lost their nomadic identity. This case, which emerged as a result of the historical contradiction between nomadism and sedentarism, is explained by considering two main reasons. The first is related to the state policies which increased the tensions between these two societies. The second reason is the inner structures in nomadic societies, which prevented close relations with the settled world. In order to associate the contradictory relationship between the Kazakhs and the Russian states with these two reasons, first problematic relations between nomadism and sedentarism are historically analyzed by using the theoretical arguments of Ibn Khaldun and Anatoly M. Khazanov. Then, the relations of the Kazakh society with Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union and the transformation of the nomadic identity of Kazakhs are examined by considering the theoretical arguments and historical cases explained in the second chapter.
Kırım'ın 2014'te Rusya Federasyonu tarafından yasa dışı ilhakı öncesi ve sonrasında Ukrayna'da azınlık hakları: Kırım tatarları örneği
This thesis analyzes the impact of the illegal annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation on the minority rights policies of Ukraine by examining the case of the Crimean Tatars, one of the indigenous peoples of the Crimean Peninsula. The Euromaidan in 2013, the illegal annexation of Crimea in 2014, and the ongoing conflict in Donbas have caused dramatic changes within Ukrainian politics including the country's minority rights policies. Throughout this process, a security-based perspective has been dominant in not only the military sector, but also within the societal sector as it relates to national identity. Ukrainian attempts to protect a common national identity and the country's territorial unity have affected the relationship between the Ukrainian government and Ukraine's national minorities. This thesis argues that increased national security concerns in the post-2014 period led to the securitization of minority rights policy in Ukraine; however, unlike the general discourse towards minorities in Ukraine, state discourse regarding the Crimean Tatars was desecuritized as a result of changing relations between the Ukrainian state and the Crimean Tatars. It is also argued that the recognition of Crimean Tatars as an indigenous people of Ukraine following the Crimea's illegal annexation emerged as a result of the desecuritization of the relationship between Ukraine and the Crimean Tatars.
Kırgızistan'da artan Çin düşmanlığı: Siyasi yolsuzluğun rolü
In recent years, one of the major problems that Kyrgyzstan witnesses is rising Sinophobia among the local people due to problems related with increasing Chinese economic presence in the country. While Sinophobia surfaces as anti-Chinese public demonstrations and violent assaults against Chinese citizens residing in Kyrgyzstan, political corruption scandals around China's economic activities shape perceptions of the Kyrgyz people negatively toward their government officials and Chinese companies operating in Kyrgyzstan. This thesis explores political corruption in Kyrgyzstan and reasons of Sinophobia among the Kyrgyz people specifically referring to the impact of political corruption in anti-Chinese public demonstrations in Kyrgyzstan.
Değişen küresel bağlamda Rusya'nın uzay stratejisi
This thesis aims to study the Moscow's perspective in space ventures in the Cold War and following the post-Soviet era by focusing on the change of global context in the goals and priorities of space activities. This thesis also focuses on exploring the trends and technological developments in field of space in other countries and evaluates the course of events in terms of political and economic factors that shapes the Moscow's space strategy. This thesis argues that, Moscow was able to save a significant portion of the space industry assets from the Soviet Union. However, in comparison to United States and China, low funding of space industry in Russia and the lack of both commercial and scientific-technical ambitious tasks leads the erosion of Moscow's space power position in international arena and commercial attractiveness in the growing global space market.
Avrupa komşuluk politikası ve doğu ortaklığı kapsamında sürdürülebilir kalkınma girişimleri: Vaka çalışması "Gürcistan'da Leader uygulaması"
This thesis examines the European Union's (EU) sustainable development initiatives in the context of European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and Eastern Partnership (EaP) from the soft power perspective. ENP and EaP are EU's main initiatives for ensuring security and stability in the Eastern Neighbourhood. They have undergone several revisions due to the redefined security threats. This thesis argue, rural development also has a security facade. The security perspective of ENP and EaP is too broad that the importance of micro policies or sub-programmes in ensuring the EU influence in the security field is often undermined. Accordingly, the main argument of the thesis is that the objectives of the rural development programme, community-led local development (CLLD) — also widely known as LEADER, complies with the evolving methods and security perspective of the revised ENP and EaP policies. Therefore, it can provide room for European influence in the rural development field. In the light of these arguments, the implementation in Georgia will be taken as a case study. The qualitative research will start with the review of the literature on soft power to create a theoretical foundation. In the following chapters, I will extensively analyze ENP and EaP policies' role in the EU soft power. Afterwards, a proper focus on LEADER approach will be provided. The last chapter will provide a discussion on LEADER implementation in Georgia in the context of the EU soft power use.