5g protokolünün 6 Ghz altı bandı için ışıma örüntüsü yapılandırılabilen anten tasarımları

In this thesis, design, simulations, fabrication, and radiation pattern measurements of reconfigurable antennas for sub-6GHz application of 5G protocol are presented. Mode analysis techniques and array theory are employed to have an understanding of the pattern reconfigurability concept of the designs. As a first step, a dual-fed rectangular patch antenna is designed, simulated, fabricated, and then measured. Even and odd mode definitions on the rectangular patch antennas are employed in the design process. Designed antenna has a shorting plane located at its middle section. This shorting plane divides the antenna into two sub-elements that are independent of each other. As each sub-element has its own excitation port, it is possible to scan the main radiation direction of the antenna by applying phase differences between the ports. Designed antenna scans from -400 to +400 in the elevation plane, which is orthogonal to shorting plane. Another printed antenna is designed based on the excitation of different modes of different resonators. Circular patch and ring-shaped resonators are employed to create different radiation patterns. The cavity model is used to analyze and design radiators. The radiators are arranged so that they operate at different modes of cavity model. The ring is fed by two ports opposite to each other while the circular patch is parasitically excited. The applied phase difference between ports determines which radiator is excited more dominantly. Designed antenna also performs beam scanning from -400 to +400 in the elevation plane along the feeding ports. To miniaturize, the antenna is loaded by capacitors. Antenna is fabricated, and design is validated by measurements. A rectangular patch antenna that includes four triangular sub-antenna elements is designed. This antenna employs the parasitic elements to steer its radiation direction. However, the phenomenon that results in beam scanning is not limited to the contributions of the parasitic elements. As the antenna consists of four independently excited elements, operation with multiple elements also effectively steer the radiation beam. This design is capable of steering the radiated beam from -400 to +400 in elevation plane.