Arab conquests for the Caucasus and the establishment of Arab administrative system in the Caucasus during the Abbâsîd caliphate

This study aims to elucidate the military, political and administrative activities of the Arabs for the South Caucasus from the establishment of the Abbâsîd Caliphate (132-750 / 656-1258) to the death of the Caliph Al-Mutawakkil (232-247 / 847-861). As it is known, Muslim Arabs conquered the South Caucasus during the time of Rashidun Caliphs and The Umayyad Caliphate. During the caliphate of Abbâsîd, the Arabs continued to rule this region. However, political conflicts frequently taken place in the central authority of the state also affected the South Caucasus in the most negative way as well as in many parts of the state. On the other hand, the Abbâsîds' fail on diplomacy trafficking with the Khazars, the the Feudalists and the Babak Rebellion deepened the negative atmosphere prevailing in the South Caucasus. Despite the fact that the Abbâsîds regained the lands they had lost in Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Karabakh and Derbent by conquering, the battles caused a great blow for the Abbâsîds in economic, military and political terms. In brief, at the second half of the IXth century and at the beginning of the Xth century, it was very hard for the Abbâsîds to hold in the Caucasus ever after. Such that, from the second half of the ninth century, many feudal structures that existed in the Caucasus geography built their states independently by separating from the Abbâsîds. Key Words: Abbâsîds, Babak, Feudalists, Khazars, South Caucasus