Investigation of physiological, anatomy and cytogenetic effect of the benzophenone on Allium cepa L.

In this study physiological, anatomical and cytogenetic effect of the Benzophenone frequently used in our daily lives in the composition of perfume and cosmetic products in Allium cepa L. root tip cells were investigated. Allium cepa seeds were used as test material. Germination percentage, root lenght and weight gain were used as physiological indicators and chromosomal damage, micronucleus (MN) frequency and mitotic index (MI) genotoxicity, stem is taken as the end sections taken from antomical parameters and these datas were correlated with statistical parameters. The seeds of A.cepa were divided into four groups: control, three Benzephenone treatment groups, and they were treated with drink water different three doses (100, 250 and 500 ppm) of Benzophenone during 72 hours. As a result, it was determined that Benzophenone fairly decreased the germination percentage, root lenght and weight gain depending on dose in seeds all the treatment groups, whereas chromosomal damage and MN rate were increased. As Benzophenone application root tip cells in the cell nucleus flattened, transmission without significant accumulation of substances in tissue, conduction tissue cells, necrosis caused anatomical deformation and damage. In conclusion, datas obtained in this study indicated that Benzophenone has cytotoxic effects a dose depending on root tip cells of Allium cepa. Key Words: Benzophenone, genotoxicity, chromosomal damages, micronucleus, Allium cepa L.