Analysis of the Impact of Transcript Diversity on Protein Domains of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Human, Mouse and Rat Proteomes: A Data Mining Approach

The modern medicine industry and other related industries have become more interested in the structures and functionalities of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) because researches have shown that a good number of drugs act by binding to GPCRs in human and other close mammalian organisms. Motivated by this, this study analyzed three genomes; human, mouse and rat, for the presence and the extent of protein domain diversity. The aim is to provide a direction to other researches, on how and how much drugs bind to GPCRs by confirming the presence of differences in protein domains coded by transcripts of genes. Public biological databases with comprehensive datasets about various genomes and proteomes were used in this study. Data relevant to this study were retrieved from preferred biological databases. These are then stored in a separate database created for this study and analyzed based on this study. Results of our analysis showed that differences exist in GPCR protein domain in all three genomes, and that this is influenced by transcript diversity. It was found that for human, 83 percent of GPCR genes with multiple transcripts exhibits diversity in the domains they code for. This was found to be 81 and 65 percent for mouse and rat respectively. This implies that further study on factors leading to these diversities could go a long way in helping to identify structures, mutations and functions of GPCRs and consequently would be of benefit to drug development and related studies. Keywords: G-protein coupled receptors, genomes, proteomes, transcript, protein domain, biological databases, data retrieval, data storage and analysis.