Examination of facade systems in buildings and determination of performance criteria

The facade is a vertical surface that protects the structure from external affects and distinguishes it from other structures in the area where the structure is built. Whether the facade is constructed by traditional methods or by the shear wall system, it is formed by the combination of many components and elements. In a successful facade design, facade components and building elements are required to be resistant to earthquakes, fire and wind as well as providing user comfort in the interior environment. In addition to having the desired functionality, good aesthetics and the construction cost should be low. The aim of this research is to determine the performance criteria for the proper selection of the facade systems and materials used for them. these criteria were evaluated to compile the findings to qualify successful facade systems. For this, the problem, purpose, scope and method of facade systems are explained. Building facade systems are classified under wooden, structural, non-structural, panel facades, transparent and opaque facades. In these classifications, physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the materials are indicated. Performance criteria have been determined to design a successful facade. Facade related parts of zoning, earthquake, fire, waterproofing, thermal, sound, noise insulation regulations were investigated. In addition, ten completed projects were evaluated in terms of regulations and performance criteria. Suggestions were made according to the evaluation results.