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Panturanism according to German documents in the First World War

2021
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Advisor: Doç. Dr. Ahmet Karaçavuş

Abstract (EN)

Germany rose in Europe in 1871 as a new power with securing its uniformity in the leadership of Bismarck. That Germany which is in the leadership of Bismarck followed peaceful and otiose diplomacy did not develop the political relation with Ottoman Empire. However, Wilhelm II who ascended the throne of the German Empire in 1888 conducted Germany differently than Bismarck. In this sense, Wilhelm II put the goal and concept of "Worldpolitics" which will make Germany a world power. Wilhelm II regarded Ottoman Empire as a political and military partner that will transmit German to the goal of "Worldpolitics". Thus, the Turk-German relationship which gains different relation with Wilhelm II continued until the end of the First World War. The First War Wall started in the 19th century as a result of blocking activities which that started in order to capture colony regions in the world and to protect the same colony regions. As soon as starting the war, Turk-German alliance took place. While the Entente States wanted to capture the Middle East geography, the Central Powers wanted to protect this geography and also tried to reach the Middle Asia geography. Germany, in order to reach the Middle East and the Middle Asia, made and used strategies in the field by using the potential of the Ottoman Empire's Panislamism, Panturkism and Panturanism. However, Germany developed a calculation of these strategies before starting the First World War. In this respect, Max von Oppenheim was the person who planned the foreign policy of German on Panislamism in the First World War. The ideologies of Panturkism and Panturanism that are available in the ideology of Pan-Islamism by turkist highbrows such as Skeikh Abdurresid İbrahim, Osman Tokumbent, Yusuf Akcura conducted in common with German. These people engrained the ideologies of Panturkism and Panturanism in Tatars in the German prison camps. In this way, Tatars accepted to fight in side of the Ottoman Empire with the ideology of Panturkism and Panturanism. The strategies of Panturkism and Panturanism which were developed in the German prison camps and were applied on Tatars was were used in Caucasus and Turkistan geography where many Turks lived. Germany followed closely Panturkism and Panturanism strategies that German tried to apply in the Caucasus and the -Middle Asia by means of Nachrichtenstelle für den Orient. The duty of NFO was to transmit the security intelligence information to Berlin such as how Panturkism and Panturanism strategies were useful, in which regions Panturkism and Panturanism strategies would be supported by society.

Author

Dr. Mustafa Aydın

How to Cite

Mustafa Aydın (Master Thesis). Panturanism according to German documents in the First World War, 2021, Karadeniz Technical University.

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