Determination of the Büyük Menderes graben tectonic movements with satellite based techniques

In this study, the observations of the 8 GNSS stations in Büyük Menderes Graben (BMG), which are constatntly observing, were analyzed and the velocity of the area was determined in order to determine crust movements in BMG. In addition, PS-InSAR analyze was performed to determine movements in Line of Sight (LOS) by covering the BMG region. Finally, time series analysis was applied to the Daily coordinate values of the stations. GNSS observations were analyzed with GAMIT/GLOBK software. As a result of the analysis, daily coordinates, annual velocities, and standard deviations of these velocities of the stations were obtained. As a result of the analysis, the station's Eurasia Fixed/ITRF08 velocities were obtained. According to the result, it was determined that the study area moves to the Southwest with 25-28 mm velocities annually. The velocity results in the Up coordinates of the stations show that BOZD, AYD1, and KUSD stations have velocities in (+) direction, that is, vertical values are increased. The highest velocity value was calculated at BOZD station with 2.42 mm/year value and the lowest velocity value was calculated at AYD1 station with 0.71 mm/year value. The velocities in Up coordinates of DNZ1, PAMU, AYDN, DIDM, and DIDI stations are in (-) direction. The highest velocity value was calculated at PAMU station with -5.12 mm/year value and the lowest velocity value was calculated at AYDN station with -0.06 mm/year value. In PS-InSAR analysis, 36 SAR images detected between 13.01.2016 and 16.12.2018 were used. Analyses were performed with StaMPS software. According to the result of the analysis, up to 23 mm of annual collapse values and up tu 13 mm of annual relevation values were obtained in the region. In addition, it was found that while the collapse occured in the center of the graben, the elevation increased in the North and South of the graben. By applying time series analysis to North, East and Up daily coordinate values of GNSS stations, statistically significant trend, periodic and stochastic components of the stations were determined. As a result of the trend component analysis, it is seen that the stations move to the Southwest with velocities ranging from 24 mm to 32 mm annually. The average resultant movement from the linear movements of the stations in the West and South directions is 25.72 mm/year and the direction is southwest. The results of the linear movements in the Up coordinates of the stations show that at AYD1 ve BOZD stations have linear movements in (+) direction, that is, vertical values increased. The highest linear movement was calculated at BOZD station with 1.43 mm/year value and the lowest linear movement was calculated at AYD1 station with 0.27 mm/year value. Linear movements in Up coordinates of DIDI, DIDI1, DIDI2, DNZ1, AYDN, DIDM, and PAMU stations are in (-) direction. The highest linear movement was detected at PAMU station with -13.79 mm/year value and the lowest linear movement at DIDI station with -2.32 mm/year value. In the periodic component analysis, the periodic components in the North, East, and Up time series of the stations were determined with HFD. The period values obtained range from 2 to 432 days. As a result of stochastic component analysis, different degrees of ARMA models ranging from ARMA (1.1) to ARMA (15.14) were found suitable for the series.