Leaf micromorphological and anatomical studies of some representative taxa belonging to the tribe Cardueae cass.(Asteraceae)

Thre tribe Cardueae is one of the 12 tribe belonging to the family Asteraceae and in the light of recent phylogenetic studies, it was divided to 12 subtribes. In this investigations, leaf micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of 10 taxa (Cyanus depressus, Echinops ossicus, Jurinea aucherana, Jurinella moscus subsp. pinnatisecta, Klasea cerinthifolia, K. quinquefolia, Lophiolepis ciliata subsp. szovitsii, L. ligularis, Psephellus taochius ve Rhaponticum repens) belonging to the subtribes Carduinae, Centaureinae, Echinopsinae and Saussureinae were examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope, in detail. Plant materials obtained and identified species in North Anatolian Region in the years of 2008-2019 with previous fieldworks were used in this study. Micromorphological and anatomical examinations were made using mature leaf samples obtained from herbarium samples. Micromorphological characteristics of whole taxa, and anatomical features of them were given here for the first time, except for Cyanus depressus, Klasea quinquefolia ve Psephellus taochius. According to ornamentation types, ruminat, striate and smooth surfaces were determined among the taxa. Simple multicellular trichomes in all taxa, and capitat and/ or clavate glandular trichomes were observed in six taxa. Differently from others, hypostomatic leaf in Klasea quinguefolia, totaly 1-4 secretory ducts (canals) in six taxa and accessory bundles in a different number in eight taxa were detected from anatomical examinations. Four of the taxa have equifacial leaves (isobilateral mesophyll), while six ones have bifacial leaves (dorsiventral mesophyll). The species have anomocytic to anisocytic type stomata, and the highest stomata number and indexes per mm2 were observed in Jurinella moscus subsp. pinnatisecta and Klasea quinquefolia, respectively.