Compare for control parameter of basic refractory bricks which use in rotary kiln of cement endustry

As it is known, refractory materials are very important material inputs for high temperature processes. Many studies on refractory materials for product development and new products have done in order to increase the performance of refractory materials and minimize the shutdowns due to refractory materials while their usage. One of example regarding to this issue is basic refractory materials which are used in sinter zone of cement rotary kilns. Whereas magnesite-chrome bricks were used in this zone till 1980s and although these bricks had a good performance, new quests have been set off since these bricks have a toxic effect to the environment due to the formation of Cr+6 ions arising from their reactions. Magnesite-spinel bricks have developed as an alternative to magnesite-chrome bricks by using magnesium aluminate spinel since 1990s. At the present time, plenty of cement plants have been using magnesite-spinel bricks in the sinter zone. Even the performance of magnesite- bricks is at a satisfactory level, studies for new products have proceeded and the productions of new bricks which comprise the advantages of both magnesite-chrome and magnesite-spinel bricks have started by using new materials which are regarded as new generation of spinels. One example of such kind of bricks is hercynite brick which is an iron-aluminum spinel. Magnesite-hercynite bricks have also taken a part in the brick qualities which are started to be used in the recent period. Characterisation study has done for three different brick qualities stated in the thesis study, and the specifications of these bricks with their advantages & disadvantages against each other have presented by specifying their physical and chemical properties.