State and economy after the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Türkiye

The main purpose of this thesis is to examine the place of the state in the economy within the framework of the Covid-19 Pandemic. In this direction, the relationship between the state and the economy is explained together with the concepts of crisis, intervention and development. The main determinants of the relationship between the state and the market have been analyzed, and the place and importance of the state in economic thought have been mentioned. Covid-19 differs from other pandemics in the 21st century in two ways. The first of these is that the pandemic has spread over a much wider geographical area. The pandemic started to have an impact all over the world in a very short time and therefore daily life was severely restricted. The second is that the economic impact of the pandemic is also global due to the globalization of the economy and the interconnected commercial relations between countries through supply chains. In this study, the difference of Covid-19 from other pandemics is revealed and the economic effects of the pandemic and the fiscal measures taken to combat the pandemic are evaluated. In this context, the changes in the world and Turkish economies during the pandemic and the fiscal measures taken in France, Spain, China, the United States, Italy, Germany and Türkiye in the fight against the pandemic are evaluated. In the aftermath of the pandemic, Türkiye, like other countries, resorted to expansionary fiscal policies to mitigate the effects of the crisis. This pandemic, which affected Türkiye and the whole world, had both socioeconomic consequences and helped countries learn lessons in many ways. The lesson is that the state is an integral part of economic life and processes. It has been seen that the market cannot solve all problems on its own. Therefore, the role of the state in the economy should be rethought in a productive, regulatory and entrepreneurial context. It is thought that academic studies on this subject will increase in the future.