DEA yöntemi ile Avrupa ülkelerinde net-sıfır politika performans değerlendirmesi

Today's one of the most important difficulties is tackling climate change and its effects on the environment. According to the Paris Agreement, which was signed in 2015 and come into force in 2016, to reduce climate change, countries aim to balance the greenhouse gases released and captured until 2050. Thus, this study aims to measure the performance of European Country in 2050. To measure the performances, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method is used. In order to employ DEA method, decision-making units (DMUs), inputs and outputs are determined. DMUs are selected from the European Countries that signed the Paris Agreement. Input is identified as Primary Energy Consumption. Outputs are selected as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), CO2 Emission, Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emission. The countries' primary energy consumption and total CO2 emission data are available between 1980 and 2019. The countries' GDP and total N2O data are available between 1990 and 2019. For each country, these data are forecasted in R Studio using the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method until 2050. Performance measurements are conducted using Pure Environmental Index and Mixed Environmental Index models in GAMS solver. Albania, Germany, Luxembourg, Malta and Poland is determined as the best performing countries, whereas, Turkey and United Kingdom are identified as the worst performing countries. The employed models do not provide the opportunity to choose between the 5 best performing countries. However, the prediction of Germany, which forecasts to reduce its N2O emissions by 98% and CO2 emissions by 38% shows that it may be the best performing country in 2050.