Investigation of mirna-214 with pten, erk-1 and caspase 3 expression in squamous cell cancer of the SKIN

Non-melanoma skin cancers are the one of the most common tumors seen in the worldwide. In case of early recognition, they have mostly good prognosis and can be easily treated. Squamous cell carcinoma, one of this group of tumors, that can indicate aggressive growth and metastatic potential is particularly important for early diagnosis. Therefore, in order to provide direction for new therapeutic approaches and new diagnostic methods, a number of studies are performed. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of expression of PTEN, ERK1, Caspase 3 and miRNA-214 in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and the correlations between these markers. To the study, 45 cases diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (tumors localized in the lip in 20 patients and in the other region of face in 25 patients) between the years 2013-2015 in the Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology and 15 control cases with normal skin tissue were included. Immunohistochemically, PTEN, ERK1 and Caspase 3, which is especially important in determining apoptosis, was used. miRNA-214 expression was investigated by real-time PCR. In the results of analysis, statistically a significant increase was observed in the expression of immunohistochemical markers PTEN and ERK1 in SCC patients. Caspase 3 expression was higher in patients but this result was not statistically significant. miRNA-214 expression of SCC patients evaluated by real-time PCR showed significantly reduced. Negative correlation between miRNA-214 expression and ERK1 and PTEN expression was significant. There was no significant correlation between Caspase 3 and miRNA-214. This relationship between ERK1 and miRNA-214 was consistent with the literature. Results showed that the role of the miRNA-214 tumor suppressor genes and ERK1 signal regulatory protein in skin squamous cell carcinoma. A negative correlation was found between these markers and that the increased of ERK1 expression is pointing that decreased of miRNA-214 expression.