Investigation of physiological, genotoxic effects and anatomically effects of the diniconazole fungicide on Allium cepa L.

In this study, the possible cytotoxic effects of Diniconazole fungicides on root tip cells of Allium cepa L. were investigated. Germination percentage, root length, weight gain, frequency of micronuclei (MN), chromosomal damage and anatomical changes were used as toxicity markers (indicator). Seeds were divided into four (4) groups as (1) control group treated with tap water; and (3) experiment groups treated with 25, 50 and 100 ppm doses of Diniconazole for 72 hours. As a result germination percent, root length and weight gain decreased and MN level, chromosomal aberration increased in treatment groups compared to control group. In the light of microscopic examination, stimulation of the chromosomal damages such as C-mitosis, fragment, chromosome bridge, binucleus cell, abnormal polarization, sticky chromosomes or unequal chromatin distribution by dinicazole treatment were observed. In addition in the root tip cells Diniconazole application lead to caused anatomical damages such as cell deformation, nonspecific vascular tissue, the flattening cell nucleus and necrosis.