Modeling and design of lithium-based battery management system for electric aircraft

Among the current challenges of the aviation industry, energy needs and environmental pollution issues take an important place. One of the steps taken in recent years for the solution of energy and environmental problems in the world is the use of lithium-derived batteries. In line with this solution, it has been observed that the batteries, which have started to be used in the automotive and aviation sectors, are not sufficient on their own. This is due to the batteries being damaged by misuse (over-discharging or over charging) or operating in harsh conditions (low or high temperature). It has been understood that a battery management system (BMS) is needed to control these problems. BMS ensures that the operating conditions of the battery are in the ideal range. The task of a BMS is defined as measuring and controlling the voltage, temperature, current, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH) of the lithium battery pack and battery cells. These values should be transmitted to the user interface by a communication method and records of the information should be kept. For these purposes, a hybrid BMS that can operate and control two different Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) and Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) batteries through separate ports has been designed for electric aircraft. With the new approach, Altium program was used for BMS design and LTC6804 microprocessor was chosen for cell measurements.