A study on cultivation of black mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819) on the ropes in Gökçeada

In this thesis, three different cultivation methods including collectors which are made of rope and fishing net and netting were used and black mussel aquaculture was evaluated with monthly sampling in Gökçeada-Kaleköy. Between June 2017 and November 2018 in the collectors made of rope and fishing net were determined the black mussel settlement time and quantity, growth rates, condition index, meat yield and invasive species. On the other hand, between November 2017 and October 2018 in netting; the growth rates, length-weight relationship, invasive species and survival rates of the black mussels which is collected from natural stocks were determined. Chlorophyll-a, water temperature, salinity, pH and particulate matter were determined from water samples taken monthly in the study area. Water samples taken during the study; average of chlorophyll-a 0.32±0.31 µgL-1, water temperature 19.9±4.93°C, salinity ‰35±2.07, pH 8.12±0.04 and TPM 14.95±10.48 mgL-1 was recorded. In March 2018, when the mussel spats was observed intensively in rope collectors, the average length of the first measurement was 3.23±1.17 mm in 100 mussel spats while this value was 31.79±6.20 mm in October (2018). In the netting, 120 black mussels collected from the natural stocks in November (2017) had a length of 19.58±0.29 mm and a weight of 0.98±0.07 gram. These values were 43.77±1.02 mm length and 9.84±0.73 gram weight in October (2018). According to these results, the most important environmental parameter that affects the growth of the black mussels on the rope colectors and netting is the temperature (p<0.05). According to the results of meat yield and condition index of black mussels in rope collectors; a significant relationship was found between the two parameters (p<0.05). While there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between means of meat yield in black mussels in rope collectors, there was no difference between mean values of condition index (p>0.05). The growth rates of black mussels in rope collectors was evaluated, a significant difference was found between all months except April and May which was the spats were detected in abundant (p<0.05). In rope collector and netting, the most important environmental parameter affecting growth between March 2018 and October 2018 was temperature (p<0.01). When the survival rates of black mussels in net nets were evaluated a significant correlation was found (p<0.05), and statistical analysis between nets and environmental parameters showed a positive correlation with total particulate matter according to p<0.05. In conclusion, we say that in this thesis, black mussel farming could be carried out commercially with the suitability of environmental parameters in the region according to the results obtained. In the aquaculture operations, the settlement time of the spats was March while in the following April and May large amounts of spats were settled to the rope collectors. It should be noted that cultivation studies to be done in rope collectors, high temperature values in summer months and the development of invasive species. In the netting, it was determined that the suitable cultivation time was determined in this thesis study but the black mussels should be harvested after 10th month before the dead. It was the bottleneck solutions obtained at the end of this thesis that the collectors made from the fishing net did not have a good substrate area for black mussels spats.