Güneş enerji santrali yer seçimi için iki aşamalı bir model önerisi: Tunceli örneği

With the developing industry over the world and in our country, the need for energy is increasing day by day. The importance of renewable energy sources is increasing day by day due to the great damage caused by fossil fuels to the environment. One of the most important of these is solar energy, which has a very high potential in our country. Due to the high cost of panels and the long return period of the solar power plant investment to be made, the location where the solar power plant will be established is of vital importance for the feasibility of the investment. This study aims to develop a two-stage multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) model for a solar power plant for Tunceli. In this context, initially, by searching the literature and taking expert opinions, the factors affecting the location selection were determined as soil structure and ground, fault line, recreation, landslide, slope, solar radiation, elevation, orientation and distance to power substations. These criteria were weighted by the Best-Worst Method (BWM). Although many MADM methods require a comparison matrix that includes all criteria, fewer comparison matrices are needed in BWM. Since the comparisons in BWM are based on the best and the worst criterion, it enables decision makers to make a more reliable pair wise comparison. Secondly, the most suitable location was selected among eight alternative locations (Tunceli Center, Pülümür, Ovacık, Mazgirt, Hozat, Çemişgezek, Nazımiye, Pertek) according to the weighted criteria. In the second stage, five different MADM methods were used. These are TOPSIS, VIKOR, SAW, GRA and ELECTRE. According to the BWM results; while solar radiation factor was the most important factor with a weight value of 0.334, the fault line factor was determined as the least important factor with a weight value of 0.038. According to the location selection results; Pertek district has been determined as the most suitable location with respect to all five methods. This study is expected to provide a useful guide for neighboring regions in solar power plant location selection and location selection problems in other areas.