Pyrolysis of forest residues by using fast pyrolysis method

Liquid products obtained by the rapid pyrolysis process applied to biomass can be used as a chemical raw material and liquid fuel. In this study, the selected biomass samples of tea bush, walnut shell and pine cone were obtained from Trabzon and Rize provinces in the Eastern Black Sea Region. First, these biomass samples brought to a particle size of 1.0 mm by grinding and sieving processes for pyrolysis experiments. After that, the biomass samples has 1.0 mm particle size mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain biomass sample mixture for pyrolysis experiments. Rapid pyrolysis conversion process applied to this biomass mixture in a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. In the experimental studies, the effects of temperature, heating rate and nitrogen flow rate on the product yields obtained from the fast pyrolysis method were investigated. Fast pyrolysis experiments were carried out with a fixed particle size of 1.0 mm, pyrolsis temperatures of 300, 400, 500, 600 and 750 °C, heating rates of 100, 250, 400 and 600°C/min and flow rates of 50, 100, 200 and 300 cm3 / min. In the experiments, the highest liquid product yield obtained at 500°C pyrolysis temperature, 100°C/min heating rate and 50 cm3/min nitrogen flow rate. Moisture, calorific value, fixed carbon, ash amount, raw coke and volatile matter analysis were performed on the liquid product obtained under the most efficient conditions. From the result of the experimental studies, it was seen that the liquid product obtained from the rapid pyrolysis experiments can be used as a chemical substance and liquid fuel. Also, the calorific value of the crude bio-oil obtained from the fast pyrolysis under the most efficient conditions has increased by approximately 40% according to its raw material content and it is calorific value measured as 5900 cal/g. As a result of the present study; the liquid product obtained from the rapid pyrolysis has the potential to be used as liquid fuel and the chemical raw materials. But this study only include fuel potential of the bio-oil and the potantial of the remainder bio-oil as a chemical materials should be investigated in other study.