From Empire to Republic political party activities in Mardin (1914-1954)

After the Constitutional Monarchy declared in 1876, the concept of "parliament" for the Ottoman society took its place in the political life. "Kanun-u Esasi", which was prepared in compliance with the Constitutional regime and which was the first constitution, was accepted in 1876 and entered into force. Due to the chaotic environment brought by the Ottoman-Russian Wars of 1877-78, the parliament, which was closed by the Sultan with constitutional provisions; however, II. Constitutional Monarchy that was able to continue its activities with the constitutional monarchy.The second parliamentary adventure, which started in 1908, stopped for a while after the Mondros Armistice Agreement signed on 30 October 1918, with the decision of the Sultan Vahidettin. With the start of the National Struggle, the detailed and need for the Assembly was strongly expressed. The Ottoman Mebusan Assembly, which is the official reflection of the ongoing national struggle in Anatolia, was opened in Istanbul on January 12, 1920. The adoption of the Muak-i Milli decisions of 28 January 1920 is considered to be the most important activity of the assembly, which is a historical asset.However, this decision caused the Istanbul invasion of 16 March 1920 and the subsequent closure of the Ottoman Parliament. The parliament, which was closed in Istanbul, prepared the ground for the First Parliament to be opened in Ankara on April 23, 1920. Mardin MPs, who took the legislative duty in the 1st Turkish Grand National Assembly between 1920 and 1923, showed will to support all the decisions taken in the country's struggle for independence.In line with the overall national struggle and victory understanding, which is the ultimate goal of the assembly, Mardin MPs undersigned efforts that are compatible with national goals rather than regional efforts.After the National Struggle II. Parliament started its work; Mardin Deputies took part in the legislative activities of the Assembly with their work. In accordance with the research topic of the study; Between 1914-1954, the biographies of MPs and some local administrators involved in the political life of Mardin, their local and general activities, their parliamentary views, question proposals, proposals, and law proposals on social, educational, cultural, health and safety issues were examined. Keywords: Ottoman Parliament, Parliament, Parliament, Elections, Mardin Deputies.