IPMSM'in HF sinyal enjeksiyonu ve kayan kipli gözlemci tabanlı sensörsüz kontrolü

In this study, we introduce a sliding mode observer (SMO) based on high-frequency (HF) voltage injection combined with a phase-locked loop (PLL) for the real-time estimation of the extended electromotive force (EEMF), rotor position, and rotor velocity in an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM). This approach is specifically designed to address the limitations of traditional SMO and PLL techniques, which often struggle to provide reliable rotor position and velocity estimations at extremely low speeds and standstill. These conditions present significant challenges in IPMSM control because the BEMF signals crucial for detecting the position of the rotor tend to weaken or become indistinct, leading to inaccurate estimations when using conventional methods. To address these issues, the proposed SMO leverages HF voltage injection to stimulate the machine and produce distinguishable EEMF signals, which are less dependent on the motor's actual speed. This innovation allows for more consistent and noise-resistant EEMF estimation, forming a foundation for accurate rotor position and velocity estimation even at zero or near-zero speeds. The PLL then refines these EEMF estimates, enabling precise extraction of the rotor's velocity and position information. By maintaining a stable phase-lock with the EEMF signal, the PLL is capable of filtering out noise and enhancing the precision of the rotor position and velocity measurements. Building on this foundation, we developed and implemented a sensorless speed control system for IPMSM using the proposed SMO-PLL combination. The real-time system was tested across various operational circumstances, including low-speed and standstill states. Experimental results from an 8-pole, 0.4 kW IPMSM motor validate the superior efficiency and robustness of the suggested method compared to conventional SMO and PLL techniques.