Routing based on AHP and ANN methods in wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks, one of the most important challenges that researchers are trying to overcome is energy consumption. Due to the limited energy capacity of nodes, energy efficient routing approaches are important. In this paper, we introduce two methods that aim to increase network lifetime by reducing energy consumption. In the distributed LEACH-AHP approach, a distributed method is introduced that aims to determine the optimal threshold value by AHP using the energy level of the nodes and the distance to the base station. The results show that the proposed method doubles the network lifetime compared to LEACH and achieves a 50% increase in the number of packets sent to the BS. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between the proposed method and the centralized KMHPSO algorithm, which requires high processing power. In the other ANN-based method, ANN is used to determine the threshold value for cluster head election. In this method, nodes are categorized into four different categories according to their distance from the base station. Initial energy levels, current energy levels, categories and possible threshold values of the nodes are used in ANN training. It is shown that the proposed method provides a significant improvement compared to LEACH and some recent studies.