Political economy of carbon tax: A study on sustainable technologies

Environmental pollution problems that arose as a result of the increase in production and consumption with the Industrial Revolution and technological development became more evident in the middle of the 20th century. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions to meet the energy demand of the industrial production system, which started with international globalization, has caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase over time. As a result of the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide, the problem of global warming has occurred in the world, and environmental problems such as climate change, drought, desertification, air and water pollution have begun to gain an important place in the world public opinion. International conferences and summits have been held with the participation of many countries in the fight against global warming and climate change problems resulting from carbon emissions. As a result of these conferences and summits, it was aimed to protect the environment and ensure sustainability within the framework of the obligations determined to prevent climate change. These obligations have produced solutions to eliminate the problems of global warming and climate change caused by carbon emissions by encouraging states to use appropriate tools such as environmental taxes or carbon taxes.