Kardiyak ve kemik doku muhendisliği içinjelatin ve karboksimetil seluloz bazlı3B-basılmış doku iskelelerinin geliştirimesi

Tissue defects affecting both soft and hard tissues remain a significant challenge in regenerative medicine. In this study, specifically, cardiac tissue was studied as a representative soft tissue model, while bone tissue served as the hard tissue model. Gelatin (Gel) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) formed the biocompatible, printable backbone, while graphene oxide (GO) and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) were added to tailor scaffold properties for cardiac and bone tissue applications, respectively. For cardiac applications, extrusion-based 3D printing was used to produce CMC/Gel and CMC/Gel/GO scaffolds crosslinked with different concentrations (100:20 mM, 50:10 mM, 25:5 mM) of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-n'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) to optimize mechanical integrity and structural stability. While C15/G7.5/GO1 demonstrated a substantial increase in tensile strain (61.03%), C10/G7 .5/GO1 exhibited conductivity values within the range of native myocardium. Furthermore, H9C2 cell viability significantly improved in GO-containing groups, confirming their suitability for cardiac tissue applications. For hard tissue engineering, the effects of nano-HA and Gel concentrations on 3D-printed bone scaffolds were investigated in terms of mechanical performance, bioactivity and biocompatibility.HA10/G15/C7.5 showed the highest compressive strength (2.6 MPa), controlled degradation, favorable water uptake, and notable apatite formation after 28 days in SBF. MC3T3-E1 cell studies showed excellent adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, especially in nano-HA enriched scaffolds. Overall, this thesis shows that Gel/CMC-based scaffolds are promising for soft and hard tissue repair due to their tunable biochemical, mechanical, and structural properties.