Finite element method analysis of cement stabilization in tunnels built with the TBM method on clay soil

Looking at the history of tunnels, which is one of the underground structures, it is seen that tunnels have an important place in people's lives. From past to present, people have used tunnels to meet their needs for various purposes. Considering the geography of our country, it is possible to encounter many different soil classes. For this reason, necessary examinations should be made before and after tunnel works. Within the scape of this thesis, both experimental studies and numerical studies were carried out. The physical properties, plasticity properties and consolidation of the soil were determined by experimental studies. The slip resistance Parameters of the soil were also found by experimental studies. Numerical studies were carried out after the experimental studies. During the numerical studies, the Plaxis 3D program, which is a finite element method, was used while creating the tunnel model. Clay ground was modeled as Hardening Soil Model in Plaxis 3D program. The reason for this is to create the model of stress-strain behavior in the closest way to reality. TBM was used during tunneling in modelling. After the modelling was completed on the clay ground, the Stabilization process was performed Around the tunnel lining with different thickness of the cement. After all modeling stages were completed, analyzes were made. The displacements, principal stresses and shear stresses that ocur with the analyzes are determined. Stabilization studies carried out in different thicknesses around the tunnel lining and the stuation where no Stabilization study was carried out around the lining were compared.