Green shipping practices in container transportation

Green shipping practices are ship energy efficiency measures enable to reduce air pollution from ships and voyage costs. These practices are evaluated within the scope of hull and machinery sections, propulsion and maneuvering systems, voyage management and using of alternative energy sources on ships. The aim of this study is to reduce greenhouse gas emission from ships and voyage costs by performing voyage management energy efficiency measures on ships. The data of RPM, Pitch, mean draft, trim, weather and fuel consumption from the average 24-month daily reports of 19 container ships in 5 different groups were examined in accordance with this purpose. Decision support systems have been established to predict the ship fuel consumption with Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (MLRA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methods. MLRA and ANN prediction models have shown good fit between 76-86% and 80- 90% respectively. As a result of the optimization application scenarios energy efficiency was achieved via RPM optimization 32-37%, trim optimization 6.5-8%, ballast optimization 6- 8% and wheather routing optimization 7-12%. These results indicate that energy efficiency applications to be carried out within voyage management will reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and voyage costs.