Surah Hucurat in the context of Quran sciences: Classical-contemporary comparison

Surah al-Ḥujurāt is a Medinan chapter often referred to as the "Chapter of Ethics" because it presents moral principles, social regulations, and guidance for interpersonal relations. Moreover, due to its rich content in various aspects of Qurʾānic sciences, it serves as a valuable case for scholarly analysis. Qurʾānic sciences contribute to a proper understanding of the Qurʾān's universal message by considering elements such as the occasions of revelation, linguistic features, and historical context of the verses. This study aims to compare classical and contemporary tafsirs in the context of Qurʾānic sciences, specifically focusing on how these sciences are employed in the commentaries on Sūrah al-Ḥujurāt. In addition, the thesis examines how the application of Qurʾānic sciences has evolved across different historical periods, thus identifying patterns of change and continuity over time. The research was conducted using a qualitative methodology, with document analysis as the primary data collection method. The data were evaluated through both descriptive and analytical approaches. While classical commentaries incorporate the Qurʾānic sciences in a detailed and comprehensive manner, contemporary commentaries adopt a more selective and purpose-oriented approach, without disregarding these sciences. Furthermore, the fundamental messages of the verses have been preserved in both periods, although the methods employed to reach these messages have varied according to the conditions of each era.