The determi̇nati̇on of fruit and oil properties of some olives which are cultivated in Sirnak and Mardin

This study was carried out in Şırnak University and Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University laboratories in 2016-2017. The genotypes obtained from Şırnak / Kumçatı, Şırnak / Kızılsu, Şırnak / Cizre, Mardin / Kızıltepe and Mardin / Derik were compared with important olive varieties such as Ayvalık and Gemlik in terms of pomological and oil analyzes. In the study, pomological characteristics of fruit were examined by looking at fruit width, fruit height, fruit index, fruit shape, fruit weight, fruit pulp rate and maturity index. In the analysis of olive oil obtained by mechanical method, iodine number, peroxide number, total phenol amount, UV absorbance values and refractive index values were examined and compared with Ayvalık and Gemlik olive varieties. In the measurements made, Kızıltepe genotype (17.63 mm) showed the closest value to Ayvalık (18.85 mm) and Gemlik varieties (18 mm) in terms of fruit width and Kızıltepe genotype (22.56 mm) showed the closest value to Ayvalık (23.09 mm) and Gemlik varieties (22.57 mm) in terms of fruit length. Also, Kızıltepe genotype (372.19 g) showed the closest value to Ayvalık (498.44 g) and Gemlik (537.35 g) in terms of fruit weight. As a result of oil analysis, Derik genotype showed the closest value to Ayvalık and Gemlik varieties in terms of iodine number and total phenol amount whereas Kızılsu genotype showed a close value to these varieties in terms of peroxide number. By the means of this study, it is aimed to investigate the characteristics of olive and olive oil in Şırnak/Kumçatı, Şırnak/Cizre, Şırnak/Kızılsu, Mardin/Kızıltepe and Mardin/Derik, and increase the awareness and olive cultivation in this provinces.